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Circa 2737
B.C. Tea was discovered in China by Emperor
Shen Nung, known as the Divine Healer.
206 B.C. – A.D. 221 Tea attracts the attention
of Chinese Royalty, thus improving the methods
of collecting tea leaves.
A.D. 221-277 Tea replaces wine at Chinese imperial
banquets.
400 – 600 Chinese farmers started to developed
ways to cultivate tea, because of a higher demand
for the product. Tea was prepared by drying
and pounding raw tea leaves, compressing them
into cakes, breaking off pieces to be placed
in a china pot, where they would add the boiling
water and some times even; spices, onion, ginger
or orange.
618 - 906 T'ang Dynasty. Powdered Tea became
the fashion of the time. Nobility made it a
popular pastime and tea became a national drink
in China. Caravans carried tea on the Silk Road,
trading with India, Turkey and Russia.
780 Poet Lu Yu, wrote the first book of tea,
Ch’a Ching, making him a living saint,
patronized by the Emperor himself. The book
described methods of cultivation and preparation
of tea
805 The Buddhist monk Saicho traveled from China,
bringing the first tea seeds to Japan.
960-1280 Sung Dynasty – Golden Age of
Tea. Tea reaches the peak of fashion. Beautifully
crafted ceramic tea ware was made during this
time.
1101-1125 Emperor Hui Tsung wrote about the
best ways to make whisked tea. A strong patron
of the tea industry, legend has it that he became
so obsessed with tea he failed to notice the
Mongols who overthrew his empire. Teahouses
built became very popular among the Chinese,
during his reign.
1191 Eisai Myoan, the monk who brought Zen Buddhism
to Japan, cultivated the first tea seeds near
Kyoto, on the grounds of his temple, after returning
from an expedition to China. Eisai experimented
with different ways to brew tea, later adopting
the Chinese whisked tea, still done today with
maccha at the Japanese tea ceremony.
1206 - 1368 Yuan Dynasty. For more than a century
a Mongolian Dynasty was established after Genghis
Khan and Kublai Khan conquered Chinese territories.
Tea became an ordinary drink, never regaining
the high status it once enjoyed.
1211 In Japan, Eisai Myoan, wrote a small book
on tea, elevating even more its popularity.
1368-1644 Ming Dynasty. A new method of preparation
was steeping whole leaves in water. The resulting
pale infusion needed a lighter color ceramic
to enhance its subtle colors. The white and
off-white tea-ware produced became the style
of the time. Tea became popular once again.
Shiploads of porcelain teapots and wooden chests
of tea were been exported to Portugal, Holland
and England. The first Yixing pots were made
at this time.
1422-1502 The Japanese tea ceremony, Chanoyu
(which means “hot water for tea”),
was created by a Zen priest named Murata Shuko.
1610 Tea reaches Europe, it is not clear whether
it was the Dutch or the Portuguese who first
introduced tea to the West.
1618 Tea was introduced to Russia as a gift
from the Chinese ambassador to Czar Alexis,
thus initiating a trade of camel caravans that
traveled 11,000 miles between China and Russia.
It was during these caravans which took almost
a year and a half to complete that the teas
absorbed the aroma of the campfire smoke originating
the famous black tea known as Russian Caravan.
1657 Tea was first
sold in London at Garway's Coffee House.
1662 Charles II married Princess Catherine Braganza
of Portugal. They both loved tea, creating a
fashion for it.
1669 England was importing approximately 150
pounds of tea from China.
1697 Taiwan, formerly known as Formosa, started
cultivating the first domestic bushes.
1705 England was importing approximately 800,000
pounds of tea yearly.
1710 American Colonists developed a taste for
tea.
1773 The Boston Tea Party, American colonies
protesting high taxes that England imposed on
tea, began a fight for independence. Colonists
dressed as Native Americans boarded East India
Company ships in Boston Harbor. They threw 340
chests of tea overboard.
1776 England sold the first opium to China.
The increasing demand for tea in England was
being financed by opium addiction in China.
Opium was sold wholesale for silver and the
same silver was used to pay for the tea.
1835 The East India Company established experimental
tea plantations in Assam, India, where native
plants were found.
1839 Chinese official deposited 20,000 chests
of opium on a beach near Canton. A year later
Britain declared war on China and China retaliated
by placing an embargo on all exports of tea
until the end of the First Opium War in 1842.
1839 The first chests of Indian tea were sent
to England, starting a fast development of tea
plantations in Northern India, due to the Chinese
embargo.
1840’s Clipper ships, built in America,
increased the transportation of tea from Hong
Kong to America and Europe from15 months to
95 days. Races to London became commonplace.
1856 Tea was planted in many areas of Darjeeling.
1869 A deadly fungus wiped out the coffee crop
in Ceylon, starting a development of tea plantations
in Sri Lanka.
1900 Trans-Siberian railroad is completed ending
the famous camel caravans.
1904 Richard Blechynden invents iced tea for
the St. Louis World Fair.
1908 Thomas Sullivan, a merchant from New York,
invented the tea bag.
1910 Indonesia, Kenya and other parts of Africa
started growing and exporting tea.
1911 Chinese Republic established after overthrowing
the Manchu Dynasty.
1949 People’s Republic of China founded.
1970 The Taiwanese government encouraged its
population to drink tea, revitalizing tea culture
on the island.
1980 Green Tea becomes increasingly popular
in the West, due to evidence of it’s health
benefits in new scientific research.
1997 Hong Kong is turned over back to China
from English control.
1997-1999 The average annual production of dried
tea leaves in the world is approximately 3.3
million tons. Around 28 percent comes from India,
almost 23 percent from China, around 10 percent
from Sri Lanka, 8 percent from Kenya and 5 percent
from Indonesia. The remainder comes from countries
such as Turkey, Japan, Iran, Argentina and Brazil.
2001 PLAIN-T is founded beginning a new era
of tea trading with the vision of reviving tea
to the status it once held in its 5000 year
history.
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